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Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31 (Suppl. 1): 52-55

Highlights in solid transplant infectious diseases 2015-2017

JOSE TIAGO SILVA, FRANCISCO LÓPEZ-MEDRANO, JOSE MARIA AGUADO

Solid organ transplant recipients have an increased risk of developing infections due to the lifelong treatment with immunosuppressive drugs. Herein we review recent (2015-2017) and relevant published advances in the field of bacterial, viral and fungal-infections in this population. We also address the most up-to-date immunological assays that can predict the risk of infection. Finally, we review current guidelines and how they improve the usual clinical care.

Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31(Suppl. 1): 52-55 [Full-text PDF]

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Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31 (Suppl. 1): 47-51

Top-ten infections in onco-hematological patients (2015-2017)

ISABEL RUIZ CAMPS, JUAN AGUILAR COMPANY

To choose the most relevant ten papers constitutes a challenge in several ways. We have elaborated this selection based on the papers we find to be most useful and ground-breaking for the clinician faced daily by the infectious problems in onco-hematological patients. The selection has been structured in four parts: bacterial infections, viral infections, fungal infections and infections related with new drugs in onco-hematological patients.

Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31(Suppl. 1): 47-51 [Full-text PDF]

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Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31 (Suppl. 1): 43-46

Usefulness of biomarkers on infection management: with or without them?

FERNANDO MARTÍNEZ-SAGASTI, ELENA VELASCO-LÓPEZ, SARA DOMINGO-MARÍN, JOSÉ
MIGUEL GIL-PERDOMO

Infectious diseases are disorders caused by many different microorganisms that produce clinical conditions with a wide variation in patient-rated symptoms and severity. Therefore, different diagnostic and prognostic tools are needed to help make the most accurate decisions at each moment of patient´s care with suspected infection. This mini review will analyse how some biomarkers reduce the level of uncertainty in the making decision process at some phases of sepsis, including prompt identification of septic patients, early initiation of empiric broad-spectrum antimicrobials, regimen and duration.

Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31(Suppl. 1): 43-46 [Full-text PDF]

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Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31 (Suppl. 1): 39-42

Practical Decalogue in the management of sepsis

JUAN GONZÁLEZ DEL CASTILLO, MARÍA JOSÉ NÚÑEZ ORANTOS, FRANCISCO JAVIER CANDEL,
FRANCISCO JAVIER MARTÍN-SÁNCHEZ

Sepsis is a complex entity where there are still many controversies regarding diagnosis and therapeutic management. The present article pretends to review the recently published in relation to these disagreements and contains a proposal of practical approach to the infected patient..

Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31(Suppl. 1): 39-42 [Full-text PDF]

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Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31 (Suppl. 1): 35-38

Fungal biofilms: From bench to bedside

MELANIA ÍÑIGO, JOSÉ LUÍS DEL POZO

Biofilms cause recurrent invasive infections that are difficult to eradicate because of their high resistance to antimicrobials and host defence mechanisms. Fungal biofilm-related infections are associated with high mortality rates. Although current guidelines recommend catheter removal for catheter-related bloodstream infections due to Candida species, several studies have shown that the efficacy of the antifungal lock technique. The use of combinations of antifungal agents may improve the management of biofilm-related fungal infections and prevent the emergence of resistance associated with monotherapy. Since the presence of mixed bacterial-fungal biofilm infections is very prevalent, a combination of antibacterial and antifungal agents should be considered.

Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31(Suppl. 1): 35-38 [Full-text PDF]

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Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31 (Suppl. 1): 32-34

Top-ten papers in fungal infection (2015-2017)

PEDRO PUERTA-ALCALDE, CELIA CARDOZO, ALEX SORIANO, CAROLINA GARCÍA-VIDAL

We have clustered the published articles in fungal infection between 2016 and 2017 in four categories. First, the emergence of Candida auris as a nosocomial pathogen associated to high antifungal resistance and high mortality. Second, the growing importance of fungal infections associated to the use of biologic therapies. Third, the approval of isavuconazole for the treatment of filamentous fungi and dymorphic mycoses with positive results and less side effects. And finally, a mix of other important news regarding empiric therapy, fluconazole toxicity and difficult-to-treat fungal infections..

Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31(Suppl. 1): 32-34 [Full-text PDF]

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Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31 (Suppl. 1): 27-31

A comprehensive approach for the patient with Clostridium difficile infection

JAVIER COBO

During the last decade there have been many changes and advances in the research on Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). We have improved diagnostic and therapeutic tools and, at the same time, we have learned that the CDI implies, especially in the most vulnerable patients, an important morbidity.
CDI has traditionally been undervalued and it is widely dispersed in hospitals. Surely, there is inertness in its management and there are also broad areas of improvement. If we add to this the high cost of the new drugs and the practical difficulties to implement the faecal microbiota transplant, we realize that we may not be taking full advantage of all the opportunities to improve patient’s outcomes. The implementation of policies that favour the supervision of all CDI cases by an expert in infectious diseases will contribute to a better global management of this important disease.

Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31(Suppl. 1): 27-31 [Full-text PDF]

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Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31 (Suppl. 1): 23-26

Changes in bacterial hospital epidemiology

MARÍA ISABEL MOROSINI, RAFAEL CANTÓN

Antibiotics’ use and prescription requires a profound review, as their inadequate administration has been one of the main forces leading to resistance as a result of overuse and misuse. Resistance is particularly challenging in nosocomial environments in which there has been a gradual change in bacterial epidemiology owing to the continuous increase of multi-drug-resistant isolates, which imply a threat to prevent and cure infections. Expertise at the time of using antibiotics, development of new diagnostic tools and the possibility of having new antimicrobials are required to stay ahead of evolving
resistance. Moreover, surveillance is also relevant to monitor antimicrobial resistance.

Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31(Suppl. 1): 23-26 [Full-text PDF]

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Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31 (Suppl. 1): 1-8

Update in Infectious Diseases 2018

FRANCISCO JAVIER CANDEL, TEODOR EMILOV, IRENE DIAZ DE LA TORRE, ALBA RUEDAS, JOSE MANUEL VIÑUELA PRIETO, CARMEN VISIEDO, JORGE MARTÍNEZ-JORDÁN, LAURA LÓPEZ-GONZÁLEZ, MAYRA MATESANZ, ANA ARRIBI

VIII Updating Course of Antimicrobials and Infectious Diseases has reviewed useful microbiological, epidemiological and clinical aspects for a current approach of infectious pathology. Present manuscript summarizes a chronicle about the main infection related meetings during 2017 (ECCMID, IAS, ASM and ID Week). In addition, the course proposed a practical approach for understanding different type of pathogens and our selected topics this year were the epidemiology of bacterial nosocomial infection, a practical approach to Clostridium difficile infection patients, a two year selection of the top ten papers about fungal infection and an update in fungal biofilms. Finally, proffesors made a practical approach by main clinical syndromes like sepsis, infections in oncohematological patients, CNS infections in immunosuppressed patients and reviewed the top ten papers in transplant infectious diseases and infection control during the last two years.

Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31(Suppl. 1): 1-8 [Full-text PDF]

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Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31(5):386-405

Epidemiology of Q fever in Spain (2018)

JOSÉ LUIS PÉREZ-ARELLANO, CRISTINA CARRANZA RODRÍGUEZ, CARLOS GUTIERREZ, MARGARITA BOLAÑOS RIVERO

Q fever is an anthropozoonosis whose causative agent is Coxiella burnetii, which has an important impact from the human and animal health point of view. In this review, a brief historical reference of the infection by C. burnetii and Q fever has been made initially. In a second section the basic epidemiological aspects of this infection are described (reservoirs/ sources of infection, form of transmission and epidemiological forms). Subsequently, the data of the infection by C. burnetii in Spain will be are indicated, particularly the clinical series, the seroepidemiological studies in humans, the affectation of different types of mammals and the participation of the ticks in the biological cycle. In addition, basic data on C. burnetii infection/ disease in other regions of the world will be are also included. Finally, and taking into account the previous data will indicate the main epidemiological characteristics of Q fever at present.

Rev Esp Quimioter 2018; 31(5):386-405 [Texto completo PDF]

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