Etiology of bloodstream infections at a population level during 2013-2017 in the Autonomous Community of Valencia, Spain   

LAURA RUIZ-AZCONA, MIGUEL SANTIBAÑEZ, ADELINA GIMENO, FRANCISCO JAVIER ROIG, HERMELINDA VANACLOCHA, MARIA PAZ VENTERO, VICENTE BOIX, JOSÉ SÁNCHEZ-PAYÁ, JOAQUÍN PORTILLA-SOGORB, ESPERANZA MERINO, JUAN CARLOS RODRÍGUEZ

Published: 29 April 2020

http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/024.2020

Introduction. Bloodstream Infections has become in one of the priorities for the antimicrobial stewardship teams due to their high mortality and morbidity rates. Usually, the first antibiotic treatment for this pathology must be empirical, without microbiology data about the microorganism involved. For this reason, the population studies about the etiology of  bacteremia are a key factor to improve the selection of the empirical treatment, because they describe the main microorganisms associated to this pathology in each area, and this data could facilitate the selection of correct antibiotic therapy.
Material and methods. This study describes the etiology of bloodstream infections in the Southeast of Spain. The etiology of bacteremia was analysed by a retrospective review of all age-ranged patients from every public hospital in the Autonomous Community of Valencia (approximately 5,000,000 inhabitants) for five years.
Results. A total of 92,097 isolates were obtained, 44.5% of them were coagulase-negative staphylococci. Enterobacteriales was the most prevalent group and an increase in frequency was observed along the time. Streptococcus spp. were the second microorganisms more frequently isolated. Next, the most prevalent were Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp., both with a stable incidence along the study. Finally, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the fifth microorganism more frequently solated.
Conclusions. These data constitute a useful tool that can help in the choice of empirical treatment for bloodstream infections, since the knowledge of local epidemiology is key to prescribe a fast and appropriate antibiotic therapy, aspect capital to improve survival.

Rev Esp Quimioter 2020; 33(3): 200-206 [Full-text PDF]

Epidemiology and etiology of vulvovaginal candidiasis in Spanish and immigrants’ women in Fuenlabrada (Madrid)   

JERÓNIMO JAQUETI AROCA, PAULA RAMIRO MARTÍNEZ, LAURA M MOLINA ESTEBAN, ALBA M. FERNÁNDEZ GONZÁLEZ, ISABEL GARCÍA-ARATA, SANTIAGO PRIETO MENCHERO

Published: 17 April 2020

http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/099.2019

Objectives. Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common vaginal infection. Risk factors include diabetes, antibiotic use and pregnancy. Candida albicans is the most common species identified but non-C. albicans species appear to be more commonly associated with VVC in some Asian and African countries. We had studied the distribution of Candida species in Spanish and immigrants’ women residents in Spain.
Material and methods. Retrospective study of vaginal yeast cultures between 2015 and 2018.
Results. A total of 2,283 vaginal yeast cultures were collected. Candida spp. was detected in 25.7% from Spanish women and in 28.5% from immigrants (no significant differences). Immigrants have higher rates of vaginal candidiasis compared other studies in Spain. C. albicans was the most common species isolated (82.4%).
Conclusions. There were no differences in vaginal candidiasis rate between Spanish and immigrants’ women. Immigrants consulted proportionally more compared with the Spanish women.

Rev Esp Quimioter 2020; 33(3): 187-192 [Texto completo PDF]

Dosage of presurgical cefazolin in obese and non-obese patients. Does weight matter?   

BELÉN RODRÍGUEZ DE CASTRO, CRISTINA MARTÍNEZ-MÚGICA BARBOSA, RUBÉN PAMPÍN SÁNCHEZ, BEATRIZ FERNÁNDEZ GONZÁLEZ, FRANCISCO JAVIER BARBAZÁN VÁZQUEZ, CARLOS APARICIO CARREÑO

Published: 15 April 2020

http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/026.2020

Objective. Evaluation of the effectiveness of a standard dose of cefalozin 2 grams for surgical site infection (SSI) prevention in obese patients compared to non-obese patients. There is no still controversy surrounding which is the best dosage of this antibiotic in obese patients for surgical prophylaxis.
Material and methods. Retrospective review of men who received prophylactic cefazolin between January 1st, 2019 and June 30th, 2019 in a traumatology department of a university hospital. Patients were stratified into 2 groups: obese (≥ 100 kg and body mass index (BMI)> 30 kg / m2) and non-obese. Patients without a 90 days follow-up after surgery and/or with an active infection at the time of surgery and/or treated with immunosuppressants were excluded. Demographic data, height, real weight, smoking, diabetes, concomitant use of immunosuppressants, surgery data and presence of infection until day 90 were collected.
Results. A total of 57 patients underwent traumatic surgery with prophylactic cefazolin, 26 non-obese and 23 obese, were studied. Both groups presented statistically significant differences in weight, BMI and post-surgery use of cefazolin. No significant differences were observed in the other variables. Two obese (8.7%) and two non-obese (7.7%) patients developed SSIs after 63 days post-surgery on average, following the difference between the groups being statistically non-significant.
Conclusion. This study shows that there is no significant difference in SSI with a standard prophylactic dose of two grams of cefazolin between obese and non-obese patients.

Rev Esp Quimioter 2020; April 15 [Texto completo PDF]

Infección tuberculosa de localización infrecuente   

(Tuberculosis infection in an unusual location)

ANA BETRÁN, Mª JOSÉ LAVILLA, ROSA ROSELLÓ, LUIS TORRES

Published: 10 April 2020

http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/093.2019

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Rev Esp Quimioter 2020; 33(3): 214-215 [Texto completo PDF]