MARY PAZ ROCHE MATHEUS, DOMINGO FERNÁNDEZ VECILLA, MIKEL J. URRUTIKOETXEA GUTIÉRREZ, FELICITAS ELENA CALVO MURO, GOTZON IGLESIAS HIDALGO, JOSÉ LUIS DÍAZ DE TUESTA DEL ARCO
Published: 21 March 2023
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/128.2022
Rev Esp Quimioter 2023; 36(3): 329-331 [Full-text PDF]
ENRIQUE RODRÍGUEZ-GUERRERO, SILVIA HERRERA-LEÓN, ESTHER GÓMEZ-VICENTE, JOSÉ MARÍA NAVARRO-MARÍ, JOSÉ GUTIÉRREZ-FERNÁNDEZ
Published: 21 March 2023
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/121.2022
Introduction. In the bacterial etiology of severe acute infectious diarrhea, except that caused by Clostridioides difficile, most of them have an invasive character and antibiotic treatment will be necessary in specific situations. Shigella is a classic pathogen, in which it is crucial to know the sensitivity to different classic and alternative antimicrobials. The objective of this work was to analyze the presence of shigellosis and the rate of antibiotic resistance.
Methods. A descriptive-retrospective study of the reports of shigellosis of stool cultures issued between January 2016 and April 2022 was conducted.
Results. A total of 34 episodes (16 -47.1%- by Shigella sonnei) were observed, as of 2018. There were only 2 pediatric cases. The overall resistance rate to azithromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin was 52.9%, 64.7% and 44.1%, respectively. 26.5% were resistant to the 3 groups of antibiotics. There was a higher rate of resistance for S. sonnei. The emergence of resistance to cephalosporins in recent years stands out. Episodes of multidrug-resistant shigellosis were detected between 2020 (1 by S. flexneri) and 2022 (4 by S. sonnei).
Conclusions. The episodes of shigellosis are emerging in our environment with a higher rate of multi-resistance. In this context, current empirical treatments for acute enteroinvasive enteritis are at risk of failure, if necessary.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2023; 36(3): 282-290 [Texto completo PDF]
MARTA ENCABO, ELENA HERNÁNDEZ-ÁLVAREZ, DAVID OTEO, ANA GARCÍA-ÁLVAREZ, MERCEDES MARTÍNEZ-NOVILLO GONZÁLEZ, MARÍA TERESA SANZ-CASLA, JUAN GONZÁLEZ-DEL CASTILLO
Published: 20 March 2023
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/108.2022
Background. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of monocyte distribution width (MDW) as a biomarker for sepsis diagnosis in severe patients attended in the Emergency Department for different conditions and not only infections.
Methods. We performed an observational study in a consecutive prospective cohort including severe patients attending the Emergency Department with different conditions. MDW and other biomarkers were determined from samples obtained during the first care of patients. The diagnostic performance of the different biomarkers was determined based on the final diagnosis at patient discharge.
Results. One hundred two patients, with a mean age of 76.7 (SD 16.5) years were included, 53 being (51.9%) male. Among the patients included, 65 (63.7%) had an infectious disease while the remaining had other different conditions. A MDW cut-off of 20.115 provided the best accuracy to identify infected patients, with a sensitivity of 89.2 (95% CI 79.4-94.7), a specificity of 89.2 (95% CI 75.3-95.7), a positive predictive value of 93.5 (95% CI 84.6-97.5), a negative predictive value of 82.5% (95% CI 68.0-91.3), a positive likelihood ratio of 8.25 (3.26-20.91), and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.12 (0.06-0.24). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for infection according to MDW was 0.943 (95% CI 0.897-0.989; p<0.001).
Conclusions. A MDW > 20.115 may be associated with infection and could help to distinguish between infected and non-infected patients in severe patients. These results must be confirmed in new studies due to the limited patient sample included.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2023; 36(3): 267-274 [Full-text PDF]
MARINA MEDEL-PLAZA, ÁLVARO AUÑÓN, ANTONIO BLANCO, JOAQUÍN GARCÍA-CAÑETE, LLANOS SALAR-VIDAL, JAIME ESTEBAN
Published: 16 March 2023
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/127.2022
Rev Esp Quimioter 2023; 36(3): 325-328 [Full-text PDF]
ALFREDO MALDONADO-BARRUECO, MONSERRAT RODRÍGUEZ-AYALA, DAVID GRANDIOSO-VAS, PALOMA GARCÍA-CLEMENTE, GLADYS VIRGINIA GUEDEZ-LÓPEZ, JULIO GARCÍA-RODRÍGUEZ, INMACULADA QUILES-MELERO
Published: 10 March 2023
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/123.2022
Objectives. Mycoplasma genitalium causes persistent sexually transmitted infections. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of resistances to macrolides and fluoroquinolones in M. genitalium and the sexually transmitted coinfections in patients at Hospital Universitario La Paz (Madrid, Spain).
Material and methods. Patients attended between January and October 2021 were studied. Screening for sexually transmitted pathogens and detection of 23S rRNA and parC genes mutations were performed by real-time PCR (Allplex,SeegeneTM).
Results. A total of 1,518 females and 1,136 males were studied. The prevalence of M. genitalium was 2.1%. The macrolides resistance rate was 51.8%. The mutations found were A2059G, A2058T and A2058G. The rate of resistance to fluoroquinolones was 17.8% being the G248T mutation (S83I) the most frequent. Seven males had some sexual transmitted coinfection.
Conclusions. Although the percentage of M. genitalium infections is low, the high rate of resistance to macrolides makes it necessary to revise the protocols for diagnosis and empirical treatment of sexually transmitted infections. The use of fluoroquinolones is appropriate after screening of macrolide resistance profile.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2023; 36(3): 310-313 [Full-text PDF]
DOMINGO FERNÁNDEZ VECILLA, MIKEL JOSEBA URRUTIKOETXEA GUTIÉRREZ, MATXALEN VIDAL GARCÍA, JOSU MIRENA BARAIA-ETXABURU ARTETXE
Published: 8 March 2023
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/109.2022
Rev Esp Quimioter 2023; 36(3): 319-321 [Full-text PDF]
RAÚL MENDOZA-RODRÍGUEZ, ITAHISA HERNÁNDEZ-CHICO, MANUELA EXPÓSITO-RUIZ, JOSÉ MARÍA NAVARRO-MARÍ, JOSÉ GUTIÉRREZ-FERNÁNDEZ, ANTONIO ROSALES-CASTILLO
Published: 4 March 2023
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/117.2022
Background. Chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) is an entity of difficult clinical diagnosis and treatment, being the microbiological study of semen the main diagnostic test. This study aimed to determine the etiology and antibiotic resistance in patients with symptomatic bacteriospermia (SBP) in our environment.
Material and methods. A cross-sectional and retrospective descriptive study has been carried out from a Regional Hospital of the Spanish Southeast. The participants were patients assisted in the consultations of the Hospital with clinic compatible with CBP, between 2016 and 2021. The interventions were collection and analysis of the results derived from the microbiological study of the semen sample. The main determinations were the etiology and rate of antibiotic resistance of BPS episodes are analyzed.
Results. The main isolated microorganism is Enterococcus faecalis (34.89%), followed by Ureaplasma spp. (13.74%) and Escherichia coli (10.98%). The rate of antibiotic resistance of E. faecalis to quinolones (11%) is lower than previous studies, while for E. coli it has been higher (35%). The low rate of resistance shown by E. faecalis and E. coli to fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin stands out.
Conclusions. In the SBP, gram-positive and atypical bacteria are established as the main causative agents of this entity. This forces us to rethink the therapeutic strategy used, which will avoid the increase in antibiotic resistance, recurrences, and chronicity of this pathology.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2023; 36(3): 275-281 [Texto completo PDF]
PATRICIA RODRÍGUEZ-LORENZO, MARTA ARIAS-TEMPRANO, ALEJANDRA MÉNDEZ-SÁNCHEZ, CARLOS PÉREZ-MÉNDEZ
Published: 3 March 2023
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/120.2022
Rev Esp Quimioter 2023; 36(3): 322-324 [Full-text PDF]
MARÍA AROCA-FERRI, TOMÁS TOSCO-NÚÑEZ, MÓNICA PEÑATE-BOLAÑOS, JESÚS MOLINA-CABRILLANA, MAR OJEDA-VARGAS
Published: 2 March 2023
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/105.2022
Rev Esp Quimioter 2023; 36(3): 317-318 [Texto completo – PDF]
EMILIO BOUZA, CELSO ARANGO, CARMEN MORENO, DIEGO GRACIA, MANUEL MARTÍN, VÍCTOR PÉREZ, LUISA LÁZARO, FRANCISCO FERRE, GONZALO SALAZAR, FRANCISCO TEJERINA-PICADO, MERCEDES NAVÍO, JAVIER GRANDA REVILLA, ESTEBAN PALOMO, PEDRO R. GIL-MONTE
Published: 21 February 2023
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/018.2023
The Health Sciences Foundation has assembled a multidisciplinary group around a series of questions about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of the general population and specific groups within that population, particularly healthcare workers.
In the general population, the most prevalent mental disorders have been anxiety, sleep disorders and affective disorders, primarily depression. There has been a considerable increase in suicidal behavior, especially in young women and men over 70 years of age. There has been an increase in alcohol abuse and nicotine, cannabis and cocaine use. In contrast, the use of synthetic stimulants during periods of confinement has decreased. With regard to non-substance addictions, gambling was very limited, pornography consumption increased significantly and there was an increase in compulsive shopping and the use of video games.
Particularly vulnerable groups include adolescents and patients with autism spectrum disorders. Healthcare workers suffered an increase in depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress, especially those who were exposed during the early stages of the pandemic. Female sex, being a nurse, proximity to patients with COVID-19, working in a rural environment and having previous psychiatric or organic illnesses were some of the most frequently repeated factors in various studies in this population group.
The media have shown a good degree of knowledge about these problems and have dealt with them frequently and from the point of view of ethics, crisis situations, such as the one experienced, have triggered not only physical but also moral claudications.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2023; 36(2):125-143 [Full-text PDF]
