MAYRA MATESANZ, ANA POZA, AMAIA IÑURRIETA, EDDITA FERNÁNDEZ-DIAZ, MARTA ARROYO, IGNACIO DOMÍNGUEZ, FRANCISCO JAVIER CANDEL
Published: 6 May 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/026.2021
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Rev Esp Quimioter 2021; 34(4): 396-399 [Full-text PDF]
BAHADIR TOPUZ, MURAT ZOR, SERCAN YILMAZ, ENGIN KAYA
Published: 6 May 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/155.2020
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Rev Esp Quimioter 2021; 34(4): 383-386 [Full-text PDF]
KINDA ALTALI ALHAMES, FRANCISCO JAVIER MARTÍN-SÁNCHEZ, PEDRO RUIZ-ARTACHO, FRANCISCO JAVIER AYUSO, VICTORIA TRENCHS, MIKEL MARTÍNEZ ORTIZ DE ZARATE, CARMEN NAVARRO, MANUEL FUENTES FERRER, CRISTINA FERNÁNDEZ, JUAN GONZÁLEZ DEL CASTILLO, ANDRÉS BODAS
Published: 30 April 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/008.2021
Objective. Main objective was whether the combination of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Alvarado Score (AS) increase the diagnosis accuracy of AS among 2-to-20-year-old patients with suspected acute appendicitis presenting to Emergency Departments.
Materials and methods. This is a secondary analysis of prospective cohort study consecutively including all patients from 2 to 20 years of age attended for suspected acute appendicitis in 4 Spanish Emergency Departments during 6-month period. We collected demographic, clinical, analytic and radiographic, and surgical data. AS categories were retrospectively calculated as low (0-4 points), intermediate (5-6 points) or high (7-10 points). The cut-off levels were >0.5 mg/dl for CRP. The outcome was diagnosis of acute appendicitis within 14 days of the index visit.
Results. A total of 331 patients with suspected of acute appendicitis (mean age 11.8 (SD 3.8) years; 52.9% males) were recruited. According to AS, 108 (32.6%) were at low risk, 76 at (23.0%) intermediate risk and 147 (44.4%) at high risk of acute appendicitis. One hundred and sixteen (35.0%) cases had confirmed histopathological diagnosis of acute appendicitis. The AUCs of ROC were 0.76 (0.70-0.81) for AS and 0.79 (95% CI 0.75-0.84) for CRP-AS being the difference statistically significant (p=0.003). The CRP for diagnosis acute appendicitis in low
risk AS group had negative predictive value of 95.8% (95%CI 87.3-98.9) and likelihood ratio negative of 0.4 (95%CI 0.2-1.0).
Conclusions. CRP-AS has shown to increase the diagnostic accuracy of AS for acute appendicitis. This approach may be useful to rule out the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in paediatric patients attended for abdominal pain suggestive of acute appendicitis.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2021; 34(3):220-227 [Full-text PDF]
PILAR LÓPEZ-JUÁREZ, LETICIA SERRANO-OVIEDO, JOSÉ MANUEL PÉREZ-ORTIZ, INMACULADA GARCÍA-JABALERA, NATALIA BEJARANO-RAMÍREZ, FRANCISCO JAVIER GÓMEZ-ROMERO, JOSÉ RAMÓN MUÑOZ-RODRÍGUEZ, FRANCISCO JAVIER REDONDO-CALVO
Published: 29 April 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/005.2021
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Rev Esp Quimioter 2021; 34(4): 387-389 [Texto completo PDF]
RICARD FERRER, ALEX SORIANO, RAFAEL CANTÓN, JOSÉ LUIS DEL POZO, CAROL GARCÍA-VIDAL, JOSÉ GARNACHO-MONTERO, NIEVES LARROSA, PEDRO RASCADO, MIGUEL SALAVERT, VICENTE PINTADO, BEATRIZ PELLICER, XAVIER BADÍA
Published: 29 April 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/034.2021
Objective. The aim of the study is to identify risk factors associated to infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) in adult patients through a systematic literature review, classify them according to their importance and provide recommendations by experts in the Spanish context.
Material and methods. We developed a systematic literature review to identify risk factors associated to CRPA or CRAB infections and they were evaluated and discussed by a multidisciplinary panel of experts.
Results. There were included 29 studies for P. aeruginosa and 23 for A. baumannii out of 593 identified through systematic literature review. We identified 38 risk factors for P. aeruginosa and 36 for A. baumannii. After risk factor evaluation by the panel of experts, results for CRPA were: 11 important, 10 slightly important and 15 unimportant risk factors; and for CRAB were: 9 important, 5 slightly important and 19 unimportant risk factors. For both pathogens, previous use of antibiotics and hospitalization were important risk factors.
Conclusion. We could identify the main risk factors associated to CRPA and CRAB through literature review. There is a need for developing additional studies with higher levels of evidence to identify sooner and better infected patients through associated risk factors.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2021; 34(4): 298-307 [Full-text PDF]
JULIÁN RUIZ-GALIANA, RAFAEL CANTÓN, PILAR DE LUCAS RAMOS, ALEJANDRA GARCÍA-BOTELLA, ALBERTO GARCÍA-LLEDÓ, JAVIER GÓMEZ-PAVÓN, JUAN GONZÁLEZ DEL CASTILLO, TERESA HERNÁNDEZ-SAMPELAYO, MARI CRUZ MARTÍN-DELGADO, FRANCISCO JAVIER MARTÍN SÁNCHEZ, MANUEL MARTÍNEZ-SELLÉS, JOSÉ MARÍA MOLERO GARCÍA, SANTIAGO MORENO GUILLÉN, FERNANDO RODRÍGUEZ-ARTALEJO, EMILIO BOUZA
Published: 28 April 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/035.2021
After the start of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, enough clinical experience is already accumulating, in the real world and outside clinical trials, to resolve some of the questions that are still pending about this problem. The Scientific Committee on COVID-19 of the Madrid College of Physicians has discussed and reviewed some of these issues with a multidisciplinary approach. The following document is an attempt to answer some of these questions with the information available so far. This document is structured in questions on different aspects of the indications, efficacy and tolerance of anti-COVID-19 vaccination.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2021;34(5):408-418 [Texto completo PDF]
JORDI REINA
Published: 27 April 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/042.2021
The knowledge of the replicative cycle of SARS-CoV-2 and its interactions with cellular proteins has opened a new therapeutic possibility based on blocking those essential for the virus. The cellular protein elongation factor eEF1A could be a good target. Among its natural inhibitors are didemnins and their related chemical compounds such as plitidepsin. In human cell culture, this compound is capable of inhibiting the virus with a potency 27,5 times that of remdesivir. It must be administered intravenously. Of the ribonucleoside analogues, molnupiravir (MK-4483/EIDD-2801) (hydroxy-cytidine) determines a lethal mutagenesis on SARS-CoV-2. In animals, after oral administration, the pulmonary viral load decreases 25,000 times and when administered as prophylaxis, approximately 100,000 times. It prevents the transmission of the virus and eliminates its presence in the oropharynx. Both chemicals have started Phase I / II human clinical trials.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2021;34(5):402-407 [Texto completo PDF]
JORDI REINA, RICARDO M. ARCAY, MARÍA BUSQUETS, HERMINIA MACHADO
Published: 23 April 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/017.2021
Introduction. To control the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, the implementation of social and hygienic confinement measures was determined in all countries. These measures reduce the circulation of most respiratory viruses that are transmitted preferentially by air and contact.
Material and methods. The impact of these measures on non-Covid respiratory viruses during the period August-December 2020 and 2019 has been comparatively analyzed. To all nasopharyngeal aspirates that were negative against SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR and the suspicion of acute respiratory infection persisted, were subjected to a new RT-PCR that simultaneously and differentially amplifies 21 different respiratory viruses.
Results. In the year of the pandemic, a 36.6% decrease was detected in the number of respiratory samples studied and 66% in their positivity in relation to 2019. All viruses showed reduction percentages of between 40-100%. The only viruses that circulated during and after national lockdown were rhinovirus (74.1%), adenovirus (10.1%), and enterovirus (9.6%).
Conclusion. The measures used to control the SARS-CoV-2 infection have also affected the community circulation of most respiratory viruses including influenza and respiratory syncytial virus.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2021; 34(4): 365-370 [Texto completo PDF]
CONCEPCIÓN PÉREZ-TORRALBA, MARÍA RUIZ-OLIVARES, SARA SANBONMATSU-GÁMEZ, MANUELA EXPÓSITO-RUÍZ, JOSÉ MARÍA NAVARRO-MARÍ, JOSÉ GUTIÉRREZ-FERNÁNDEZ
Published: 22 April 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/004.2021
Introduction. Infections by genitopathogens are a frequent reason for consultation in Primary Health Care and in the specialties of Infectious Diseases, Urology, Gynecology, and Dermatology. The most common causes are opportunistic microorganisms and responsible for sexually transmitted infections associated with unprotected sex. The objective is to determine the microorganisms that cause these infections in patients treated at the Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves in Granada and Neisseria gonorrhoeae susceptibility to antibiotics.
Material and methods. A transversal-descriptive and retrospective study was carried out, which included the results issued, between January 2018 and December 2019, in the Microbiology Laboratory from all the episodes studied using standardized working procedures.
Results. The most frequently detected microorganisms were Gardnerella vaginalis (23.81%) followed by Candida spp. (20.9%), especially in females, and N. gonorrhoeae (11.36%) and Ureaplasma urealyticum (11.99%), in males. Many times, they were presented in combination. Regarding herpes simplex viruses, infection by both species had a similar prevalence (50%) in males, while type 1 was more prevalent (76.52%) in females. The most active antibiotics against N. gonorrhoeae were cefotaxime (98%) and cefixime (100%). Tetracycline (39.02%) a poorly active antibiotic.
Conclusions. The most frequent pathogens corresponded to those that usually caused infections in females, although N. gonorrhoeae was the most frequent in males and mixed infections are not an accidental finding. HSV-1 infections were more frequent than HSV-2, confirming the trend of a change in the epidemiology of genital herpes.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2021; 34(4): 320-329 [Texto completo PDF]
EMILIO BOUZA, RAFAEL CANTÓN MORENO, PILAR DE LUCAS RAMOS, ALEJANDRA GARCÍA-BOTELLA, ALBERTO GARCÍA-LLEDÓ, JAVIER GÓMEZ-PAVÓN, JUAN GONZÁLEZ DEL CASTILLO, TERESA HERNÁNDEZ-SAMPELAYO, MARI CRUZ MARTÍN-DELGADO, FRANCISCO JAVIER MARTÍN SÁNCHEZ, MANUEL MARTÍNEZ-SELLÉS, JOSÉ MARÍA MOLERO GARCÍA, SANTIAGO MORENO GUILLÉN, FRANCISCO JAVIER RODRÍGUEZ-ARTALEJO, JULIÁN RUIZ-GALIANA, SILVIA DE PABLO
BRÜHLMANN, JESÚS PORTA ETESSAM, MAR SANTOS SEBASTIÁN
Published: 20 April 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/023.2021
A high proportion of people who have suffered from COVID-19 report, after recovery from the acute phase of the disease, clinical manifestations, both subjective and objective, that continue beyond 3 weeks or even 3 months after the original clinical disease. There is still no agreed nomenclature to refer to this condition, but perhaps the most commonly used is post-COVID syndrome. The Scientific Committee on COVID of the Madrid College of Physicians (ICOMEM) has discussed this problem with a multidisciplinary approach in which internists,
infectious disease specialists, psychiatrists, pneumologists, surgeons, geriatricians, pediatricians, microbiologists, family physicians and other specialists have participated, trying to gather the existing information and discussing it in the group.
The clinical manifestations are very variable and range from simple fatigue to persistent fibrosing lung lesions with objective alterations of pulmonary function. Post-COVID syndrome seems to be particularly frequent and severe in adults who have required admission to Intensive Care Units and has a peculiar behavior in a very small group of children.
The post-COVID syndrome, which undoubtedly exists, is at first sight not clearly distinguishable from clinical manifestations that which occur after other acute viral diseases and after prolonged stays in ICUs due to other diseases. Therefore, it offers excellent research opportunities to clarify its pathogenesis and possibly that of other related entities.
It is possible that progressively there will be an increased demand for care among the millions of people who have suffered and overcome acute COVID for which the health authorities should design mechanisms for the agile management of care that will possibly require well-coordinated multidisciplinary groups.
This paper, structured in questions on different aspects of the post-COVID syndrome, attempts to stage the current state of this problem.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2021; 34(4): 269-279 [Texto completo PDF]
