Rev Esp Quimioter 2022;35(Suppl.2):1-15

Resistance to beta-lactams in Gram-negative bacilli: relevance and potential therapeutic alternatives

VÍCTOR GARCIA-BUSTOS, MARTA DAFNE CABAÑERO-NAVALÓN, MIGUEL SALAVERT LLETÍ

Published: 4 October 2022

The indiscriminate and massive antibiotic use in the clinical practice and in agriculture or cattle during the past few decades has produced a serious world health problem that entails high morbidity and mortality: the antibiotic multi-drug resistance. In 2017 and 2019, the World Health Organization published a list of urgent threats and priorities in the context of drug resistance, which only included Gram-negative bacteria and specially focused on carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as carbapenem and third generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. This scenario emphasizes the need of developing and testing new antibiotics from different families, such as new beta-lactams, highlighting cefiderocol and its original mechanism of action; new beta-lactamase inhibitors, with vaborbactam or relebactam among others; new quinolones such as delafloxacin, and also omadacycline or eravacycline, as members of the tetracycline family. The present work reviews the importance and impact of Gram-negative bacterial infections and their resistance mechanisms, and analyzes the current therapeutic paradigm as well as the role of new antibiotics with a promising future in the era of multi and pan-drug resistance.

http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/s02.01.2022

Rev Esp Quimioter 2022; 35(Suppl. 2):1-15 [Full-text PDF]