Rev Esp Quimioter 2024, September 23
Nirsevimab effectiveness against hospital admission for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infants
ROSA RODRÍGUEZ-FERNÁNDEZ, FELIPE GONZÁLEZ-MARTÍNEZ, INÉS OJEDA VELÁZQUEZ, MARTA RODRÍGUEZ DÍAZ, MARÍA VICTORIA CAPOZZI BUCCIOL, MARÍA ISABEL GONZÁLEZ-SÁNCHEZ, JIMENA PÉREZ-MORENO, BLANCA TOLEDO DEL CASTILLO
Published: 23 September 2024
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/026.2024
Introduction. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospitalization in infants. This season, a long half-life monoclonal antibody (Nirsevimab) is available to prevent this disease for all infants born from 1 April-30 September to 2023 and all those born during RSV season (October2023- March 2024). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the implementation of this antibody on RSV admissions in a tertiary hospital.
Material and methods. Observational, retrospective and analytical study. All patients <6 months in October admitted for bronchiolitis at 2 time points were included: T1 or Pre-nirsevimab time: 1 September 2015-30 September 2023 and T2 or Nirsevimab time: 1 October-31 December 2023. Total admissions due to any cause of infants <6 months in the same period were used as the reference population. To assess the impact of the implementation of nirsevimab, we calculated the reduction in the percentage of admissions due to RSV with respect to total admissions in both periods, and also in the 2023-2024 season we calculated the double negative test to calculate the effectiveness of the intervention (1-Odds ratio) x 100.
Results. In infants under 6 months of age, we found significant differences in the number of admissions for RSV bronchiolitis between the last season and the previous 7 seasons [574/1195 (48%) vs 6/138 (4.3%); p<0.01, RPI: 91%). In the 2023/2024 season, the effectiveness of nirsevimab in preventing admission for RSV bronchiolitis in children under 6 months of age was 85% (CI 95%: 32-97%).
Conclusions. The implementation of nirsevimab has had an important impact on the number of hospital admissions for RSV bronchiolitis. There were no differences in the severity of bronchiolitis
Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; September 23 [Texto completo PDF]
