MARTA PÉREZ-ABELEDO, BELÉN RAMOS, FRANCISCO JAVIER CANDEL, JUAN CARLOS SANZ
Published: 26 December 2021
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/101.2021
Rev Esp Quimioter 2022; 35(1):103-104 [Texto completo PDF]
GLORIA MARTÍN-SACO, ALEXANDER TRISTANCHO, ANTONINA ARIAS, ISABEL FERRER, ANA MILAGRO, JUAN M. GARCÍA-LECHUZ
Published: 17 December 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/091.2021
Introduction. Mycoplasma genitalium is an emerging cause of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and has been implicated in non-gonococcal urethritis in men and cervicitis in woman. The aim of this study is determinate the incidence and pathogenicity of M. genitalium within the diagnosis of STIs detected from clinical samples in a third level hospital.
Material and methods. A total of 8,473 samples from endocervix, urethra, vagina, rectum and others were processed applying Allpex STI Essential Assay. More than 190 records were reviewed to determinate M. genitalium pathogenicity.
Results. M. genitalium was detected in a rate 2.8%. Co-infections were detected in 20% of the patients.
Conclusions. M. genitalium is considered a STI emerging pathogen thanks to the renewal of multiplex-PCR tests although with a low incidence in our approach. Emerging from our experience and the institutional recommendations both detection of acid nucleic techniques (NAATs) and gonococcal culture might be implemented accurately and coexist to adequate prescriptions.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2022; 35(1):76-79 [Full-text PDF]
EMILIO GARCIA-MORAN, MARTA HERNÁNDEZ, DAVID ABAD, JOSÉ M. EIROS
Published: 15 December 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/153.2021
SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA coronavirus that causes COVID-19, of which the current outbreak has resulted in a high number of cases and fatalities throughout the world, even vaccine doses are being administered. The aim of this work was to scan the SARS-CoV-2 genome in search for therapeutic targets. We found a sequence in the 5’UTR (NC\_045512:74-130), consisting of a typical heptamer next to a structured region that may cause ribosomal frameshifting. The potential biological value of this region is relevant through its low similarity with other viruses, including coronaviruses related to SARS-CoV, and its high sequence conservation within multiple SARS-CoV-2 isolates. We have predicted the secondary structure of the region by means of different bioinformatic tools. We have suggested a most probable secondary structure to proceed with a 3D reconstruction of the structured segment. Finally, we carried out virtual docking on the 3D structure to look for a binding site and then for drug ligands from a database of lead compounds. Several molecules that could be probably administered as oral drugs show promising binding affinity within the structured region, and so it could be possible interfere its potential regulatory role.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2022; 35(2):204-212 [Full-text PDF]
ALBERTO GARCÍA-LLEDÓ, JAVIER GÓMEZ-PAVÓN, JUAN GONZÁLEZ DEL CASTILLO, TERESA HERNÁNDEZ-SAMPELAYO, MARI CRUZ MARTÍN-DELGADO, FRANCISCO JAVIER MARTÍN SÁNCHEZ, MANUEL MARTÍNEZ-SELLÉS, JOSÉ MARÍA MOLERO GARCÍA, SANTIAGO MORENO GUILLÉN, FERNANDO RODRÍGUEZ-ARTALEJO, JULIÁN RUIZ-GALIANA, RAFAEL CANTÓN, PILAR DE LUCAS RAMOS, ALEJANDRA GARCÍA-BOTELLA, EMILIO BOUZA
Published: 11 December 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/158.2021
The precocity and efficacy of the vaccines developed so far against COVID-19 has been the most significant and saving advance against the pandemic. The development of vaccines has not prevented, during the whole period of the pandemic, the constant search for therapeutic medicines, both among existing drugs with different indications and in the development of new drugs. The Scientific Committee of the COVID-19 of the Illustrious College of Physicians of Madrid wanted to offer an early, simplified and critical approach to these new drugs, to new developments in immunotherapy and to what has been learned from the immune response modulators already known and which have proven effective against the virus, in order to help understand the current situation.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2022; 35(2):115-130 [Full-text PDF]
ALBA MUÑOZ SANTA, ALBA BELLÉS BELLÉS, ERIC LÓPEZ GONZÁLEZ, IVÁN PRATS SÁNCHEZ, SARAY MORMENEO BAYO, ALBERT BERNET SÁNCHEZ, JESÚS ARAMBURU ARNUELOS, MARIA FONT FONT, LUCÍA FRAILE GARCÍA, MERCÈ GARCIA GONZÁLEZ
Published: 10 December 2021
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/100.2021
Rev Esp Quimioter 2022; 35(1):100-102 [Full-text PDF]
JOSÉ-LUIS PUERTA, MACARENA TORREGO-ELLACURÍA, ÁNGEL DEL REY-MEJÍAS, CÉSAR BIÉNZOBAS LÓPEZ
Published: 10 December 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/114.2021
Objectives. Recent publications on inpatients with COVID-19 describing their comorbidities and demographic profile exists, but data from large populations requiring only primary care (PC) are scarce. This paper aims to fill this gap and report the prevalence of eight comorbidities (high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, cancer, cardiovascular disease, asthma, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and chronic heart failure) among patients attending PC during the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the Community of Madrid (CoM), Spain.
Patients and methods. This is an observational retrospective study that collects data registered in the CoM between February 25th and May 31st, 2020. Data are divided in two groups: Group-1 (N=339,890) consist of all patients with suspected or proven SARS-CoV-2 infection; and Group-2 is the subgroup (N=48,556, 14.3% of Group-1) of individuals with COVID-19 confirmed by positive RT-PCR test.
Results. Comparing Group-1 with Group-2, 339,890/48,556 patients, respectively, the main results were as follows: average age (60.9/69.9 years), presence of at least one comorbidity (33.51%/47.69%), high blood pressure (19.74%/32.74%), diabetes mellitus (7.13%/13.75%), cancer (6.56%/10.6%), cardiovascular disease (4.52%/9.26%), asthma (7.98%/6.56%), chronic kidney disease (1.84%/4.41%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2%/4.03%), and chronic heart failure (1.14%/2.77%). High blood pressure and diabetes mellitus were seen to be the most frequent (6.56%/8.38%) association.
Conclusions. Patients requiring PC attention during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the CoM presented with a very high rate of comorbidities, with marked differences
among those with or without a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2022; 35(1):63-70 [Full-text PDF]
RAFAEL RUBIO DÍAZ, ELENA DE RAFAEL GONZÁLEZ, ESTHER MARTÍN TORRES, ELENA VALERA NÚÑEZ, AURORA MARÍA LÓPEZ MARTOS, DAVID MELGUIZO MELGUIZO, MARÍA PIEDAD PICAZO PEREA, PEDRO JESÚS LÓPEZ GARCÍA, PATRICIA FUENTES BULLEJOS, MATILDE CHAFER RUDILLA, JULIÁN FABIÁN CARRETERO GÓMEZ, MARÍA CARMEN LORENZO LOZANO, AGUSTÍN JULIÁN-JIMÉNEZ
Published: 3 December 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/108.2021
Objectives. To analyse and compare 30-day mortality prognostic power of several biomarkers (C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, lactate and suPAR) in patients seen in emergency departments (ED) due to infections. Secondly, if these could improve the accuracy of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA).
Methods. A prospective, observational and analytical study was carried out on patients who were treated in an ED of one of the eight participating hospitals. An assessment was made of 32 independent variables that could influence mortality at 30 days. They covered epidemiological, comorbidity, functional, clinical and analytical factors.
Results. The study included 347 consecutive patients, 54 (15.6%) of whom died within 30 days of visiting the ED. SUPAR has got the best biomarker area under the curve (AUC)-ROC to predict mortality at 30 days of 0.836 (95% CI: 0.765-0.907; P <.001) with a cut-off > 10 ng/mL who had a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 86%. The score qSOFA ≥ 2 had AUC-ROC of 0.707 (95% CI: 0.621-0.793; P < .001) with sensitivity of 53% and a specificity of 89%. The mixed model (suPAR > 10 ng/mL plus qSOFA ≥ 2) has improved the AUC-ROC to 0.853 [95% CI: 0.790-0.916; P < .001] with the best prognostic performance: sensitivity of 39% and a specificity of 97% with a negative predictive value of 90%.
Conclusions. suPAR showed better performance for 30-day mortality prognostic power from several biomarkers in the patients seen in ED due to infections. Score qSOFA has better performance that SRIS and the mixed model (qSOFA ≥ 2 plus suPAR > 10 ng/mL) increased the ability of qSOFA.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2022; 35(1):50-62 [Texto completo PDF]
LORENZO CANTARELLI, FERNANDO GUTIÉRREZ NICOLÁS, GLORIA JULIA NAZCO CASARIEGO, SARA GARCÍA GIL
Published: 1 December 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/064.2021
Objectives. To determine the rate of microbiological confirmation in the diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients treated with intravenous pentamidine and the potential correlation with treatment effectiveness and safety.
Material and methods. Single-centre retrospective study (2010-2020), which included those patients who received intravenous pentamidine treatment for at least 48 hours. The sample collection procedure and the microbiological analysis performed were recorded. Efficacy was determined by 14-day mortality rate and admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and disease control was determined by length of hospital stay and time from completion of treatment to discharge. The safety profile was assessed according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0.
Results. A total of 17 patients with P. jirovecii pneumonia were treated with pentamidine (76.5% male (n=13); mean age [standard deviation]: 58.6 [15.5]). Microbiological confirmation of the pathogen was established in 47.1% (n=8) of cases. Targeted use of pentamidine significantly reduced the time from treatment completion to hospital discharge (p=0.019). The safety profile was acceptable, with grade I toxicity occurring in one patient.
Conclusions. The study shows that more than 50% of patients receive treatment based on a presumptive diagnosis and without adhering to the established recommendations, with repercussions on the duration of admission and recovery of the patient. Future studies with a larger sample size will be necessary to consolidate the results obtained.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2022; 35(1):30-34 [Texto completo PDF]
CELIA ROIG MARTÍ, JOSÉ JAVIER JIMÉNEZ SIERRA, IGNACIO PÉREZ CATALÁN, BARBARÁ GOMILA SARD, ALEJANDRO CARDENAL ÁLVAREZ, MARÍA DOLORES BELLÉS MEDALL
Published: 30 November 2021
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/072.2021
Rev Esp Quimioter 2022; 35(1):84-86 [Texto completo PDF]
ANA ISABEL PELÁEZ BALLESTA, ELISA GARCÍA VÁZQUEZ, JOAQUÍN GÓMEZ GÓMEZ
Published: 30 November 2021
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/092.2021
Introduction. To analyse the clinical and epidemiological characteristics and mortality-related factors of patients admitted to a secondary hospital with Infective Endocarditis (IE).
Methods. Observational study of a cohort of patients who have been diagnosed with IE in a secondary hospital and evaluated in accordance with a pre-established protocol.
Results. A total of 101 cases were evaluated (years 2000-2017), with an average age of 64 years and a male-to-female ratio of 2:1. 76% of the cases had an age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index of >6, with 21% having had a dental procedure and 36% with a history of heart valve disease. The most common microorganism was methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (36%), with bacterial focus of unknown origin in 54%. The diagnostic delay time was 12 days in patients who were transferred, compared to 8 days in patients who were not transferred (p=0.07); the median surgery indication delay time was 5 days (IQR 13.5). The in-hospital mortality rate was 34.6% and the prognostic factors independently associated with mortality were: cerebrovascular events (OR 98.7%, 95% CI, 70.9–164.4); heart failure (OR 27.3, 95% CI, 10.2–149.1); and unsuitable antibiotic treatment (OR 7.2, 95% CI, 1.5–10.5). The mortality rate of the patients who were transferred and who therefore underwent surgery was 20% (5/25).
Conclusions. The onset of cerebrovascular events, heart failure and unsuitable antibiotic treatment are independently and significantly associated with in-hospital mortality. The mortality rate was higher than the published average (35%); the diagnostic delay was greater in patients for whom surgery was indicated.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2022; 35(1):35-42 [Full-text PDF]
