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Rev Esp Quimioter 2024, March 21

Microbiological and epidemiological features of respiratory syncytial virus

IVÁN SANZ-MUÑOZ, LAURA SÁNCHEZ-DE PRADA, JAVIER CASTRODEZA-SANZ, JOSÉ M EIROS

Published: 21 Mach 2024

http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/006.2024

The properties of the main surface proteins and the viral cycle of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) make it an attractive pathogen from the perspective of microbiology. The virus gets its name from the manner it infects cells, which enables it to produce syncytia, which allow the virus’ genetic material to move across cells without having to release viral offspring to the cellular exterior, reducing immune system identification. This causes a disease with a high impact in both children and adults over 60, which has sparked the development of several preventive interventions based on vaccines and monoclonal antibodies for both age groups. The epidemiological characteristics of this virus, which circulates in epidemics throughout the coldest months of the year and exhibits a marked genetic and antigenic drift due to its high mutation capability, must be taken into consideration while using these preventive methods. The most important microbiological and epidemiological elements of RSV are covered in this study, along with how they have affected the creation of preventive medications and their use in the future.

Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; March 21 [Full-text PDF]


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Rev Esp Quimioter 2024, March 4

Candent issues in pneumonia. Reflections from the Fifth Annual Meeting of Spanish Experts 2023

CRISTÓBAL M RODRÍGUEZ-LEAL, CARLOS GONZÁLEZ-CORRALEJO, FRANCISCO JOSÉ CANDEL, MIGUEL SALAVERT, ON BEHALF OF COLLABORATIVE AUTHORS AND MEDICAL SOCIETIES FOR THE 5TH EDITION OF PNEUMONIA DAY

Published: 4 Mach 2024

http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/018.2024

Pneumonia is a multifaceted illness with a wide range of clinical manifestations, degree of severity and multiple potential causing microorganisms. Despite the intensive research of recent decades, community-acquired pneumonia remains the third-highest cause of mortality in developed countries and the first due to infections; and hospital-acquired pneumonia is the main cause of death from nosocomial infection in critically ill patients. Guidelines for management of this disease are available world wide, but there are questions which generate controversy, and the latest advances make it difficult to stay them up to date. A multidisciplinary approach can overcome these limitations and can also aid to improve clinical results. Spanish medical societies involved in diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia have made a collaborative effort to actualize and integrate last expertise about this infection. The aim of this paper is to reflect this knowledge, communicated in Fifth Pneumonia Day in Spain. It reviews the most important questions about this disorder, such as microbiological diagnosis, advances in antibiotic and sequential therapy, management of beta-lactam allergic patient, preventive measures, management of unusual or multi-resistant microorganisms and adjuvant or advanced therapies in Intensive Care Unit.

Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; March 4 [Full-text PDF]


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Rev Esp Quimioter 2024, February 26

Clinical study types and guidance for their correct post-pandemic interpretation

MANUEL MARTÍNEZ-SELLÉS, LUIS PRIETO-VALIENTE

Published: 26 February 2024

http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/003.2024

Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are key to the advancement of medicine and microbiology, but they are not the only option. Observational studies provide information on long-term efficacy and safety, are less expensive, allow the study of rare events, and obtain information more quickly than RCTs. On the other hand, they are more vulnerable to confounding factors.
Prospective exploratory pilot studies share many aspects with RCTs but are not subject to supervision by external commissions or mandatory registration. Multitesting can pervert the balance of publications in favor of the desired effect. Bonferroni’s reasoning shows that if 10 studies are performed with an ineffective antibiotic, the probability that at least one will show P <0.05 might be 40%. Scenarios in which there is intensive pressure to perform research, such as the recent pandemic, might result in many research teams trying to study the effect of an antimicrobial. Even if the drug has no efficacy, if 100 research teams conduct a study to assess its usefulness, it might be virtually certain that at least one will get a P value <0.05. If the other studies (with P >0.05) are not published, the scientific commu nity would consider that there is strong evidence in favor of its usefulness.
In conclusion, RCTs are a very good source of clinical information, but are not the only one. The systematic registration of all research can and should be applied to all types of clinical studies.

Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; February 26 [Full-text PDF] [Supplementary material PDF]


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Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(2): 196-198

Paciente con alergia a medicamentos antituberculosos de primera línea

XABIER LARREA URTARAN, ANNA DORDÀ BENITO, LAURA GRATACÓS SANTANACH, ELISABET NOGUÉ PUJADAS, RAQUEL AGUILAR SALMERON, XAVIER SALGADO SERRANO

Published: 23 February 2024

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/140.2023

Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(2): 196-198 [Texto completo PDF]


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Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(2): 199-202

Secondary lumbosacral echinococcosis as presumptive sequelae of other primary locations

DOMINGO FERNÁNDEZ VECILLA, MARY PAZ ROCHE MATHEUS, MARÍA CARMEN NIETO TOBOSO, ROBERTO MONGIL ESCUDERO, VICTOR MIGUEL MARTÍNEZ, ITXASO LOMBIDE AGUIRRE, JOSU MIRENA BARAIA-ETXABURU ARTETXE, FERNANDO DÍEZ RENOVALES, JAUME ROSSELLÓ SORIA, JOSÉ LUIS DÍAZ DE TUESTA DEL ARCO

Published: 23 February 2024

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/148.2023

Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(2): 199-202 [Full-text PDF]


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Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(2): 193-195

Absceso en psoas secundario a infección de endoprótesis aortica abdominal por Listeria monocytogenes

BELÉN GONZÁLEZ FERNÁNDEZ, SONSOLES GARCINUÑO PÉREZ, LAURA SÁNCHEZ-DE PRADA, IGNACIO EIROS-BACHILLER, JOSÉ ANTONIO BRIZUELA SANZ, JOSÉ M. EIROS

Published: 20 February 2024

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/135.2023

Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(2): 193-195 [Texto completo PDF]


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Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(2): 163-169

Antibiotic stewardship programs in the Spanish emergency services: PROA-URG Study

JESÚS RUIZ RAMOS, ANA SUÁREZ-LLEDÓ GRANDE, MARÍA ROSARIO SANTOLAYA PERRÍN, CARMEN CABALLERO REQUEJO, MARIAM HIJAZI VEGA, LAIA LÓPEZ VINARDELL, ÁNGELES GARCÍA MARTÍN, YLENIA CAMPOS BAETA, ANA JOSEFA MARCOS GONZÁLEZ, MONTSERRAT ALONSO DÍEZ, SILVIA CONDE GINER, SAÚL HERRERA CARRANZA, ANA SUCH DIÁZ, MARGARITA PRATS RIERA, LARA MENENDEZ LIENDO, CRISTINA TORO BLANCH, ANA REVUELTA AMALLO, CRISTINA CALZÓN BLANCO, EN REPRESENTACIÓN DEL GRUPO PROA-URGENCIAS

Published: 19 February 2024

http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/138.2023

Introduction. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP) have become a key tool in the adaptation of these drugs to the health system. The information available on the application and indicators used in these programs in emergency departments is scarce. The objective of this study is to know the extent of ASP implementation in the emergency departments, as well as the use of antimicrobials in these units.
Material and methods. Multicenter retrospective study. An invitation was sent to all participants of the REDFASTER-SEFH emergency pharmacist working group. A questionnaire was used consisting of 21 items, answered by a team made up of a pharmacist, emergency room specialist, infectious disease specialist and microbiologist.
Results. Eighteen hospitals completed the survey. Fourteen (77.8%) had an ASP manager. The DDD value per 1000 admissions ranged between 36.5 and 400.5 (median: 100.4 [IQR:57.2-157.3]). Both carbapenem and macrolide group presented wide variability in use. Six (33.3%) hospitals had an annual report on the specific resistance profile for urine and blood cultures. The percentage of multi-drug resistant strains in urine cultures was 12.5% and in blood cultures 12.2%. The percentage of adequacy in the bacteremia treatment was 81.0% (IQR:74.6-85.0%), while in urinary tract infections was 78.0% (IQR:71.5-88.0).
Conclusions. Despite the existence of ASP members in emergency services, as well as the training activity and local guidelines is common. knowledge of the use of antimicrobials and resistances is limited. Future activities must be aimed at improving information about the ASP results in these units.

Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(2): 163-169 [Texto completo PDF]


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Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(2): 191-192

An unexpected pathogen in the amniotic fluid of a patient with chorioamnionitis

EDUARDO RUBIO-MORA, JUANA CACHO-CALVO, INMACULADA QUILES MELERO

Published: 13 February 2024

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/132.2023

Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(2): 191-192 [Full-text PDF]


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Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(2): 189-190

Penetración en líquido cefalorraquídeo y uso de ceftarolina en ventriculitis asociada a drenaje ventricular externo

ISABEL RAMOS, ADELA BENÍTEZ-CANO, SONIA LUQUE, LUISA SORLÍ, RAMON ADALIA

Published: 13 February 2024

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/131.2023

Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(2): 189-190 [Texto completo PDF]


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Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(2): 186-188

La prueba β-Carba® puede determinar de forma rápida las carbapenemasas en la rutina del laboratorio de Microbiología

JOSÉ MARÍA SERRANO-ROMERO, ANA ROMÁN-DE-LA-TORRE, JOSÉ MARÍA NAVARRO-MARÍ, JOSÉ GUTIÉRREZ-FERNÁNDEZ

Published: 13 February 2024

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/128.2023

Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(2): 186-188 [Texto completo PDF]


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