TELMO FERNANDEZ DE CASADEVANTE, XABIER CAMINO, AINHOA ARTECHE, ANA ALONSO, PAUL MARTINAGE
Published: 10 April 2024
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/141.2023
Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(3): 274-275 [Texto completo PDF]
LUCÍA FRAILE GARCÍA, JESÚS ARAMBURU ARNUELOS, ÉRIC LÓPEZ GONZÁLEZ, ALBA BELLÉS-BELLÉS, ALBA MUÑOZ SANTA, ELENA SÁNCHEZ BÁSCONES, SARAY MORMENEO BAYO, ALBERT BERNET SÁNCHEZ, IVÁN PRATS SÁNCHEZ, ALEJANDRO CUMPLIDO PORTILLO, MERCÈ GARCÍA GONZÁLEZ
Published: 9 April 2024
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/015.2024
Introduction. Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) is a microorganism related to sexually transmitted infections. Antibiotic resistance of MG leads to an increase in treatment failure rates and the persistence of the infection. The aim of this study was to describe the most frequent mutations associated with azithromycin and moxifloxacin resistance in our geographical area.
Material and methods. A prospective study from May 2019 to May 2023 was performed. MG-positive samples were collected. Real-time PCRs (AllplexTM MG & AziR Assay and AllplexTM MG & MoxiR Assay, Seegene) were performed in MG positive samples to detect mutations in 23S rRNA V domain and parC gene.
Results. A 37.1% of samples presented resistance determinants to azithromycin and the most common mutation detected was A2059G (57.9%). Resistance to moxifloxacin was studied in 72 azithromycin-resistant samples and 36.1% showed mutations, being G248T the most prevalent (73.1%).
Conclusions. The resistance to different lines of treat ment suggests the need for a targeted therapy and the performing of a test of cure afterwards.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(3): 270-273 [Full-text PDF]
BELÉN CUADRADO GARCÍA, ANA MADUEÑO ALONSO, ANA MARTÍN BERMÚDEZ, LUCÍA ROMERO-ACEVEDO, PAULA PÉREZ ORÁN, MARÍA LECUONA FERNÁNDEZ
Published: 27 March 2024
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/009.2024
Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(3): 279-280 [Texto completo PDF]
MIGUEL CAMARA-RODRIGUEZ, FRANCISCO JOVER-DIAZ, ELISABET DELGADO-SÁNCHEZ, ANA INFANTE-URRÍOS, JORGE PERIS-GARCÍA
Published: 27 March 2024
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/149.2023
Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(3): 276-278 [Full-text PDF]
MARÍA MUELAS GONZÁLEZ, ELENA TORNER MARCHESI, GABRIELA PELÁEZ DÍAZ, MARTA RAMOS ARANGUEZ, JAVIER CABAÑAS MORAFRAILE, WILLIAM LÓPEZ FORERO, RAFAEL RUBIO DÍAZ, JUAN GONZÁLEZ DEL CASTILLO, FRANCISCO JAVIER CANDEL, AGUSTÍN JULIÁN-JIMÉNEZ, EN NOMBRE DEL GRUPO INFURG SEMES
Published: 23 March 2024
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/004.2024
Objective. To analyse a new risk score to predict bacteremia (MPB-INFURG-SEMES) in the patients with solid tumor attender for infection in the emergency departments (ED).
Patients and methods. Prospective, multicenter observational cohort study of blood cultures (BC) obtained from adult patients with solid neoplasia treated in 63 EDs for infection from November 1, 2019, to March 31, 2020. The predictive ability of the model was analyzed with the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). The prognostic performance for true bacteremia was calculated with the chosen cut-off for getting the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value.
Results. A total of 857 blood samples wered cultured. True cases of bacteremia were confirmed in 196 (22.9%). The remaining 661 cultures (77.1%) wered negative. And, 42 (4.9%) were judged to be contaminated. The model’s area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.923 (95% CI,0.896-0.950). The prognostic performance with a model’s cut-off value of ≥ 5 points achieved 95.74% (95% CI, 94,92-96.56) sensitivity, 76.06% (95% CI, 75.24-76.88) specificity, 53.42%(95% CI, 52.60-54.24) positive predictive value and 98.48% (95% CI, 97.66- 99.30) negative predictive value.
Conclusion. The MPB-INFURG-SEMES score is useful for predicting bacteremia in the adults patients with solid tumor seen in the ED.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(3): 257-265 [Texto completo PDF]
FERNANDO MORAGA-LLOP, ELENA ANDRADAS, LUIS CARLOS BLESA-BAVIERA, RAFAEL CANTÓN, JUAN GONZÁLEZ DEL CASTILLO, FEDERICO MARTINÓN-TORRES, ELENA MOYA, ANTONI TRILLA, JULIO VAZQUEZ, RODOLFO JAVIER VILLENA, JULIÁN RUIZ-GALIANA, PILAR DE LUCAS RAMOS, ALEJANDRA GARCÍA-BOTELLA, ALBERTO GARCÍA-LLEDÓ, TERESA HERNÁNDEZ-SAMPELAYO, JAVIER GÓMEZ-PAVÓN, MARI CRUZ MARTÍN-DELGADO, FRANCISCO JAVIER MARTÍN SÁNCHEZ, MANUEL MARTÍNEZ-SELLÉS, JOSÉ MARÍA MOLERO GARCÍA, SANTIAGO MORENO GUILLÉN, FERNANDO RODRÍGUEZ-ARTALEJO, EMILIO BOUZA
Published: 22 March 2024
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/023.2024
Meningococcal meningitis (MM) and invasive meningococcal disease remain a major public health problem that generates enormous public alarm. It is caused by Neisseria meningitidis, a Gram-negative diplococcus with an enormous capacity for acute and rapidly progressive disease, both episodic and epidemic in nature, with early diagnosis and treatment playing a major role. It occurs at any age, but is most common in children under 5 years of age followed by adolescents. Although most cases occur in healthy people, the incidence is higher in certain risk groups. Despite advances in reducing the incidence, it is estimated that in 2017 there were around 5 million new cases of MM worldwide, causing approximately 290,000 deaths and a cumulative loss of about 20,000,000 years of healthy life. In Spain, in the 2021/22 season, 108 microbiologically confirmed cases of MM were reported, corresponding to an incidence rate of 0.23 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. This is a curable and, above all, vaccine-preventable disease, for which the World Health Organisation has drawn up a roadmap with the aim of reducing mortality and sequelae by 2030. For all these reasons, the Illustrious Official College of Physicians of Madrid (ICOMEM) and the Medical Associations of 8 other provinces of Spain, have prepared this opinion document on the situation of MM in Spain and the resources and preparation for the fight against it in our country. The COVID-19 and Emerging Pathogens Committee of ICOMEM has invited experts in the field to participate in the elaboration of this document.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(4): 285-298 [Full-text PDF]
IVÁN SANZ-MUÑOZ, LAURA SÁNCHEZ-DE PRADA, JAVIER CASTRODEZA-SANZ, JOSÉ M EIROS
Published: 21 Mach 2024
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/006.2024
The properties of the main surface proteins and the viral cycle of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) make it an attractive pathogen from the perspective of microbiology. The virus gets its name from the manner it infects cells, which enables it to produce syncytia, which allow the virus’ genetic material to move across cells without having to release viral offspring to the cellular exterior, reducing immune system identification. This causes a disease with a high impact in both children and adults over 60, which has sparked the development of several preventive interventions based on vaccines and monoclonal antibodies for both age groups. The epidemiological characteristics of this virus, which circulates in epidemics throughout the coldest months of the year and exhibits a marked genetic and antigenic drift due to its high mutation capability, must be taken into consideration while using these preventive methods. The most important microbiological and epidemiological elements of RSV are covered in this study, along with how they have affected the creation of preventive medications and their use in the future.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(3): 209-220 [Full-text PDF]
CRISTÓBAL M RODRÍGUEZ-LEAL, CARLOS GONZÁLEZ-CORRALEJO, FRANCISCO JAVIER CANDEL, MIGUEL SALAVERT, ON BEHALF OF COLLABORATIVE AUTHORS AND MEDICAL SOCIETIES FOR THE 5TH EDITION OF PNEUMONIA DAY
Published: 4 Mach 2024
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/018.2024
Pneumonia is a multifaceted illness with a wide range of clinical manifestations, degree of severity and multiple potential causing microorganisms. Despite the intensive research of recent decades, community-acquired pneumonia remains the third-highest cause of mortality in developed countries and the first due to infections; and hospital-acquired pneumonia is the main cause of death from nosocomial infection in critically ill patients. Guidelines for management of this disease are available world wide, but there are questions which generate controversy, and the latest advances make it difficult to stay them up to date. A multidisciplinary approach can overcome these limitations and can also aid to improve clinical results. Spanish medical societies involved in diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia have made a collaborative effort to actualize and integrate last expertise about this infection. The aim of this paper is to reflect this knowledge, communicated in Fifth Pneumonia Day in Spain. It reviews the most important questions about this disorder, such as microbiological diagnosis, advances in antibiotic and sequential therapy, management of beta-lactam allergic patient, preventive measures, management of unusual or multi-resistant microorganisms and adjuvant or advanced therapies in Intensive Care Unit.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(3): 221-251 [Full-text PDF]
MANUEL MARTÍNEZ-SELLÉS, LUIS PRIETO-VALIENTE
Published: 26 February 2024
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/003.2024
Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are key to the advancement of medicine and microbiology, but they are not the only option. Observational studies provide information on long-term efficacy and safety, are less expensive, allow the study of rare events, and obtain information more quickly than RCTs. On the other hand, they are more vulnerable to confounding factors.
Prospective exploratory pilot studies share many aspects with RCTs but are not subject to supervision by external commissions or mandatory registration. Multitesting can pervert the balance of publications in favor of the desired effect. Bonferroni’s reasoning shows that if 10 studies are performed with an ineffective antibiotic, the probability that at least one will show P <0.05 might be 40%. Scenarios in which there is intensive pressure to perform research, such as the recent pandemic, might result in many research teams trying to study the effect of an antimicrobial. Even if the drug has no efficacy, if 100 research teams conduct a study to assess its usefulness, it might be virtually certain that at least one will get a P value <0.05. If the other studies (with P >0.05) are not published, the scientific commu nity would consider that there is strong evidence in favor of its usefulness.
In conclusion, RCTs are a very good source of clinical information, but are not the only one. The systematic registration of all research can and should be applied to all types of clinical studies.
Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(3): 203-208 [Full-text PDF] [Supplementary material PDF]
XABIER LARREA URTARAN, ANNA DORDÀ BENITO, LAURA GRATACÓS SANTANACH, ELISABET NOGUÉ PUJADAS, RAQUEL AGUILAR SALMERON, XAVIER SALGADO SERRANO
Published: 23 February 2024
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
http://www.doi.org/10.37201/req/140.2023
Rev Esp Quimioter 2024; 37(2): 196-198 [Texto completo PDF]
